@?computing

2021-01-07 What is a set?? A well-defined collection of objects. What are the two terms for objects in a set?? Members Elements What’s the difference between a set and a list?? Sets are unordered. What’s the symbol for an empty set?? $$ \varnothing $$ What does $$x \in S$$ mean?? $x$ is a member of the set $S$. What does $$x \notin S$$ mean?? $x$ is not a member of the set $S$.

What does this symbol represent in FSM?? A state. What does this symbol represent in FSM?? The start state. What does this symbol represnt in FSM?? The end or accept state. What does this symbol represent in FSM?? A transition. What does the language recognised by a FSM consist of?? All string accepted by the finite state machine. What is a finite state machine?? An abstract model of computation that is used to model logic.

What is a class?? A blueprint or template for a type of object. What are the data of an object called?? Attributes. What are the operations that you can perform on object called?? Methods. What is instantiation?? Creating an object from a class. What is the concept of encapsulation?? Attributes and methods are wrapped into a single entity. What is inheritance?? Where subclasses use attributes and methods of it’s superclass. What is the Python syntax for initialising the superclass?

What’s an example usage of barcodes?? Airline baggage tracking Product labelling Parcel delivery and shipment Ticketing and identification What concept allows barcode readers to work?? Reflected light What does a black bar represent in a barcode?? $$ 0 $$ Why does black represent $0$ in barcodes?? Black reflects less light. What does a white bar represent in a barcode?? $$ 1 $$ Why does white represent $1$ in barcodes?? White reflects more light.

What is a relational database?? A method of creating a database using tables of related data. Records in a relational database are indexed by?? A primary key. What is an example of tables for a car rental business?? Customers Rentals Vehicles What is an example of the attributes for a customer in a car rental business?? Name Address Phone Email What’s another word for tables in a relational databse?? Relations What does one row in a table represent in a relational database?

What does SQL stand for?? Structured Query Language What does “WHERE” do in SQL?? Only returns the results that match the clause. What does “BETWEEN” do in SQL?? Allows matching a range of decimal values. What does “IN” do in SQL?? Allows matching if the item is in a list. What does “WHERE population BETWEEN 200 and 300” match?? A population between 200 and 300. What is a where clause to match an age between 5 and 16?

What is a vector an example of?? An Abstract Data Type What set do all $2$-d vectors come from?? $$ \mathbb{R}^2 $$ What set do all $3$-d vectors come from?? $$ \mathbb{R}^3 $$ What’s an example of where a $2$-d vector could be used?? To describe a path. What does the notation $S \to \mathbb{R}$ mean?? $S$ maps to $\mathbb{R}$. What is the notation $0 \to 1.5$ mean in terms of vectors?? $0$ maps to $1.

What is a tree?? A connected, undirected graph with no cycles. What is a binary tree?? A rooted tree where each node has at most two children. What type of data type is a tree?? An Abstract Data Type. What three terms are used for both actual trees and computer science trees?? Root, branches and leaves. What is the definition of the root of a tree?? The only node that doesn’t have a parent node.

In summary, what is a graph?? An abstract data type representing complex relationships. What is an undirected graph?? A graph where the edges don’t specify a direction. What does an edge represent in a graph?? A relationship between two nodes. What is an edge weight?? A numerical value associated with an edge. What does an edge weight commonly represent on a graph representing a map?? The distances between two places. What is a directed graph?? A graph where relationships can point one way only.

What is the main advantage of a hash table?? You can quickly find items given a key. A hash table is a type of what data type?? An Abstract Data Type. How is an element’s key calculated?? Using a hash function. A key-value hash table is sometimes called what?? A hash map. What is a hashing algorithm?? A calculation applied to a key to transform it into an address. What is it called when a hash function generates the same value for two different inputs?

Is a stack FIFO or LIFO?? LIFO. Where do you remove items from the stack?? From the top. What does LIFO stand for?? Last-in First-out What does the Pop operation do to a stack?? Returns and removes the item at the top of the stack. What does the Top operation do to a stack?? Returns but doesn’t remove the top item of the stack. What does the Push operation do to a stack?? Puts a new item of the top of a stack.

What does $\mathbb{Z}$ represent?? The set of integers. What does $\mathbb{Q}$ represent?? The set of rational numbers. What does $\mathbb{N}$ represent?? The natural numbers. What does $\mathbb{R}$ represent?? The real numbers. What is an ordinal number?? A number describing a position of something. Backlinks [[Computing - Syllabus]]S Metadata date: 2020-10-22 11:12 tags: - '@?computing' - '@?public' title: Computing - Number Systems